ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the efficacy of lamellar hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP) flap insertion and autologous blood for degenerative type lamellar macular hole (LMH).Methods Retrospective case review.Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with LMH were enrolled in this study.There were 2 males (2 eyes) and 26 females (26 eyes).Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),medical optometry,slit-lamp biomicroscop,indirect ophthalmoscope,spectral domain optical coherence tomography,b-scan ultrasonography and axial length detection were performed on all patients.Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) was used to calculate visual acuity.There were 10 eyes (35.7％) with degenerative type LMH (flap insertion group) and LHEP.There were 18 eyes (64.3％) with tractional type LMH (general group).The differences of BCVA,AL,horizontal hole diameter from retina and lens state between two groups were not significant (P＞ 0.05).The differences of horizontal hole diameter of internal limiting membrane (ILM),central foveal thickness (CFT) and integrity of ellipsoidal zone between two groups were significant (P＜ 0.05).LHEP flap insertion and autologous blood without ILM peeling were used in eyes of flap insertion group.Vitrectomy combined ILM peeling were used in eyes of general group.The follow-up was ranged from 3 to 14 months.The changes of CFT,central foveal form and logMAR BCVA were observed.Results At latest follow-up,the BCVA of flap insertion group and general group were 0.34±0.27,0.31±0.29;which significantly better than the preoperative BCVA (Z=-3.519,-4.945;P＜ 0.001).The CFT of flap insertion group and general group were (200.10±58.78),(226.61±70.49) μm.There was no difference between pre-and post-operative CFT in eyes of general group (Z=-1.455,P=0.146).There was significant difference between pre-and post-operative CFT in eyes of flap insertion group (Z=-2.798,P=0.005).In flap insertion group,regular recovery of the foveal contour occurred in 9 eyes (90.0％),improvement in 1 eyes (10.0％).In general group,regular recovery of the foveal contour occurred in 10 eyes (55.6％),improvement in 8 eyes (44.4％).The closure rate of LMH were 100％ both in two groups.Conclusion LHEP flap insertion and autologous blood is an effective treatment of degenerative type LMH.
ABSTRACT
The strain, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BF 7658 possesses the ability to produce protease and some other enzyme as well as ?-amylase. In the experiment, we have observed interference of protease with ?-amylase. If the relative ratio of activity of ?-amylase to protease was 13 : 1, 21 : 1, 27 : 1, the ?-amylase activity of culture incubated at 37℃ for 24h decreased 27.42% and 8.8% respectively. Purified ?-amylase lost the activity about 13—17% by incubation with the protease in 0.2mol/L phosphate buffer pH7.9 at 37℃ for 24h. It is confirmed that protease is one of fatters of unstability of ?-amylase.The pH and temperature affected the stability of both enzymes when cultures were heated in a 60℃ bath for 30 min. Protease activity lost about 90% and ?-amylase activity almost remained unchange.The stability of ?-amylase can be increased by adding 0.01mol/L calcium ion at pH7.0 and treating at high temperature (70℃), but protease activity is inaetivited completely. Different strains and culture conditions also affected the production ratio of ?-amylase and protease. Some strains produced high level of ?-amylase but low level of protease have been obtained.